These case are formed of various materials

James DuncanIntroduction to Entomology , The Naturalist’s Library, Edimbourg, W. H. Lizars, 1840, p.295.

The larvae are aquatic, and construct a kind of case to reside in, from which circumstance they are often called case-worms. These case are formed of various materials, and often present a singular appearance by being stuck over with small shells, pebbles, &c.