Anonyme, Forest and Stream, vol. 60, New York, Charles Hallock, 1903, p. 469-470.

Looking into the water a tour feet, we noticed what seemed to be pieces of black, water-soaked sticks, each from an inch… two inches in length. Examination proved these to be the cases of the caddis grub. They were apparently fabricated out of black and almost rotten wood or bark, but attached to them were small pieces of sand and tiny pebbles. Breaking open these cases we found ensconced in each a grub about an inch in length. Any trout fisherman is familiar with this sort of thing, and knows that when bottom food of this kind is abundant trout are not so apt to rise. Of course the trout has his mind set on the worm inside of the case, and if he has to swallow the case to get at the worm, very well. I imagine that my informant’s trout was going after a certain fat tidbit of this sort and regarded the pebble simply as an accident in the operation. For any fisher who is not familiar with the appearance of these caddis cases, I may say that he is apt to pass them over without careful examination, as they seem to be simply bits of the flotsam of the stream. Yet if he will watch closely along the bottom, hem at see one of these black looking « stick baits » begin to crawl, even up stream against the current. The head end of the case is always open, and close examination will show the grub sticking out his head and a couple of sets of short and sturdy legs, by  means of which he is able to acomplish locomotion. Putting some of these apparently inanimate bits on top of a rock, where the sun would strike them, we could see the little fellows stick out their legs and finally wriggle and squirm until they turned the whole case over and so got back into the water.