James George Needham, Aquatic insects in New York State, Albany, New York State Museum Bulletin 68, Entomology 18, University of the State of New York, 1903, p. 211.

Unknow trichopter larva from bottom of Bone pond

This is another species that lives outside the line of the shore vegetation.

Just outside that line, on bottoms shallow enough tobe reached with a long handled sieve net, Mr Betten found the cases of the species in great abundance, but they were all empty. He has described the case in bulletin 47, page 572, as n°2.

Because all students of our lake bottoms have reported caddis fly larva along with Chironomus larvae as a constant part of the fauna, I have thought it desirable to have the structural characters of this species illustrated as fully as possible in the hope of its recognition by comparison in the future. The only specimens seen were obtained from the trout stomachs, and were pretty well digested. Some of the cases were fairly well preserved, but the pupae were so badly disintegrated as to be hardly distinguishable as pupae ; the parts of the larvae most strongly chitinized, and the parts most important for the distinguishing of the species were fairly well preserved, and have been used, together with a perfect case collected from the water and apparently belonging to the same species, as a basis for the presented on plate 6.

The trout swallow the animals case and all, doubtless being unable to get them apart. The case persists after the animal within has been disintegrated, but the sand grains gradually fall off, and the brown, lining tube of silk gradualy breaks up into fragments. Moth of the stomachs contained a little sand, doubtless derived from this source, and trout n° 2, 3, 6, 7 and 17 contained large quantities loose, in addition to that still on the walls of the case remaining.