Herman Theodore Wolf,Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation : a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria their fauna flora and management,Philadelphie, Innes & Sons, 1908, p. 263.

The larvae, know as Rock-worms, are aquatic, elongate and cylindrical in form with a tough horny head and thorax and a soft thin-skinned abdomen ; wich construct protective cases, open at the ends, of any available materials, leaves, twigs, sand, shells and small stones, all spun together by means of silk threads, to protect the Caddice-worms from predatory insects and other natural enemies.